The Eltersdorf district in the southeast of Erlangen is comparable in size to Dechsendorf. It also has roughly the same population, with approximately 3500 residents (as of 2010).
With the Egidienkirche (St. Egidien Church) and the Egidienstestein (St. Egidien Stone), the town boasts two of its most historic sights. Originally, Eltersdorf belonged to the Bruck parish (the area of activity of the regional bishops) and, as early as 1417, provided a church warden, who managed the church's assets. St. Egidienkirche, with its medieval fortified tower, was first mentioned in 1433. With the Reformation, it was separated from Bruck.
In 1838, construction work began on the Erlangen-Fürth district road leading through Eltersdorf. In 1843, the Nuremberg-Bamberg section of the Ludwig-Danube-Main Canal As completed. Just one year later, the Nuremberg–Bamberg railway line was opened as part of the Ludwig South-North Railway.
A street in Eltersdorf is named after Pastor Alfred Mehl (1912-1934), who, among other things, introduced nursing by Protestant community nurses.
Until its incorporation into Erlangen in 1972, Eltersdorf enjoyed its independence.
